Heuvel), Captain John Houghton Marshall (by John Rodgaard and Lisa Heuvel), and Captain Ralph Willet Miller (by Gerald Holland); all North Americans who became officers in the Georgian era Navy. Naval historian Chris Coelho travelled from his home in the US to his birthplace in Buenos Aires for research on Sir Home Popham, a controversial figure, and some would say a scoundrel, who, nevertheless, reinvented the signal flag system of the Royal Navy. Popham’s system was in effect when Nelson raised the famous signal at Trafalgar: England expects every man to do his duty. Admiral Sir William Cornwallis has been portrayed in his retirement years as a devout bachelor, living the quiet life as a country gentleman. Few naval historians would guess that, in his ‘wild’ youth, while stationed in the Caribbean, Cornwallis fathered at least three illegitimate children with women of colour. Barry Jolly of the Milford-on-Sea Historical Society conducted research on the Jamaica Church of England Parish Register in the International Genealogical Index to discover the details and bring them to our readers. North American 1805 Club member Dr Samantha Cavill, history professor at Southeastern Louisiana University, writes about the effects of the War of 1812 on Royal Navy Operations; particularly how the demands of war with America created massive problems for the Royal Navy in terms of logistics, expenditures, ships, personnel, and supplies; especially since Britain was concurrently engaged in war with France. Students of the War of 1812 will find a wealth of information and statistics in this article that will enrich their understanding. Working with authors such as these, our first year as editors of the Trafalgar Chronicle has been rich and rewarding. To our readers: we welcome your comments, questions, ideas, and suggestions about this issue and future issues. If you like to write and conduct historic research about all manner of things pertaining to the Royal Navy and other navies of the Georgian era, send us a proposal or get on our mailing list of potential contributors. The theme for the 2021 issue will be Georgian Navy encounters with indigenous cultures and enslaved populations. Tell your friends and colleagues about the Trafalgar Chronicle. Our publisher, Seaforth Publishing, is happy to issue new subscriptions to individuals as well as organisations, universities, institutes, and libraries. Contact us at tc.editor@1805Club.org. Judith E. Pearson, Ph.D. Burke, Virginia John Rodgaard, Captain USN, Ret. Melbourne, Florida Sean Heuvel, Ph.D. Williamsburg, Virginia May 2020 THE TRAFALGAR CHRONICLE 8
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